Here is a short, nine-step course in how to keep your grass looking healthy. A lot of the information comes from "Better Lawns Step by Step" by Joe Provey and Kris Robinson.
1. Regularly mow your lawn. Set your mower for 3-3 ½ inches. Cut no more than 1/3 of the blade height. Cutting your lawn too much shocks the grass and taller blades of grass allow fewer weeds to break through.
2. Dull blades tear the grass. Keep your blades sharpened.
3. Remove leaves. Heavy accumulations of leaves on your awn can weaken or kill the grass.
4. Regularly aerate your lawn. Rent a core aerator that removes plugs of soil instead of the kind that just punches holes in the lawn. Go over your lawn two or three times.
5. Spread compost. Sprinkle the compost into the aeration holes. Be sure not to cover the blades of grass.
6. After aerating, lay 40 top 50% organic fertilizer over the soil surface following aerating and sprinkling the compost.
7. Use pre-emergent weed killer in the spring and fall. Pull all surviving weeds by hand. Only use chemical spot treatment on the weeds that won't completely pull out.
8. Overseed existing lawns with 3-4 pounds of seed per 1,000 square feet of lawn. Be sure to choose top quality seed which is appropriate for your region.
9. Water, water, water.
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